A hypobaric or altitude chamber is used to simulate the effects of high altitude on the human body without having to visit high altitude training camps. High altitude conditions are simulated by reducing the ambient pressure as would be experienced while ascending to a certain altitude. Hypobaric chambers are also used to enhance physical endurance and gain considerable health benefits. Increased physical endurance leads to an increase in the production of red blood cells. Research has shown that being at a high altitude even for four hours a day, can stimulate a
hormone erythropoietin, which causes more red blood cells to be produced. Due to the increase in red blood cells, more oxygen is carried in the blood to the muscles causing them to work at a higher level, thereby increasing your aerobic capacity. After using the hypobaric or altitude chamber, athletic performance is increased as the increase in red blood cell count carries more oxygen and nutrients to the muscles where it is converted into energy for athletic performance. Also these red blood cells transport waste material such as lactic acid away from the muscles.
Sleeping in an altitude chamber also causes an increase in
myoglobin, an iron containing protein. This protein is responsible for storing and transporting oxygen from outside the cell to the mitochondria. The increase in mitochondria causes more oxygen to be converted into energy. This results in greater power and endurance. Altitude chambers also cause an increase in oxygen dissociation resulting in more oxygen reaching the working muscles. This increases the overall performance of the body.