TAS – Sinner: WADA appeal hearing to be examined on April 16 and 17

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
Finally there is a date: April 16-17, 2025. The Court of Arbitration for Sport has announced the dates for the hearing of the arbitration procedure of WADA’s appeal against the ruling of an independent tribunal that last August acquitted Jannik Sinner after he tested positive twice for Clostebol in March 2024.

The proceedings will take place at the TAS headquarters in Lausanne and journalists will not be allowed: “Neither party in the dispute has requested a public hearing, therefore the arbitration will be conducted behind closed doors”, reads the note from the TAS. Given the dates, Sinner will be forced not to participate in the 250 tournament in Munich for which he had registered.

The third arbitrator who will complete the judging panel has not yet been officially announced. The first two are the Israeli Ken Lalo, expert chosen by WADA from the list of possible jurists, and the American Jeffrey Benz, selected by the Sinner legal team. The third arbitrator, let us remember, will be the one who will preside over the panel and, in the end, could be decisive
.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
So worst case scenario, Sinner skips;

Roland Garros 2025
Wimbledon 2025
US Open 2025
Australian Open 2026
Roland Garros 2026
Wimbledon 2026
US Open 2026
Australian Open 2027

Intermediate scenario, Sinner skips;

Roland Garros 2025
Wimbledon 2025
US Open 2025
Australian Open 2026

Best case scenario;

Wada appeal rejected, Sinner can start seriously preparing for Roland Garros 2025.

I don't think there can be alternative scenarios to these 3, unless there is a settlement agreement between the parties involved, a utopian hypothesis.
 

nolefam_2024

Bionic Poster
So worst case scenario, Sinner skips;

Roland Garros 2025
Wimbledon 2025
US Open 2025
Australian Open 2026
Roland Garros 2026
Wimbledon 2026
US Open 2026
Australian Open 2027

Intermediate scenario, Sinner skips;

Roland Garros 2025
Wimbledon 2025
US Open 2025
Australian Open 2026

Best case scenario;

Wada appeal rejected, Sinner can start seriously preparing for Roland Garros 2025.

I don't think there can be alternative scenarios to these 3, unless there is a settlement agreement between the parties involved, a utopian hypothesis.
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
 

tudwell

G.O.A.T.
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
Well, Roddick knows more than me. My gut says a month or two – a slap on the wrist to show that trainers doping their athletes (however unintentional it's alleged to be) will not be tolerated. A month would mean he's not banned from the French, I assume (depending on when the ban would take effect), but would seriously cut into competitive match play on the surface. Three months would see him out past Wimbledon. Very curious to see how this all plays out.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
Ok, but I don't understand how a 3-month disqualification can happen when the regulation for objective liability for contamination in the event of a conviction provides for a minimum sanction of one year and a maximum of two years. In short, what motivation can there be for a 3-month disqualification if the minimum provides for 12 months?
 

nolefam_2024

Bionic Poster
Ok, but I don't understand how a 3-month disqualification can happen when the regulation for objective liability for contamination in the event of a conviction provides for a minimum sanction of one year and a maximum of two years. In short, what motivation can there be for a 3-month disqualification if the minimum provides for 12 months?
Not sure what the rule is. But that is for lawyers to decide.
I see it extremely, extremely unlikely that sinner is banned anything more than 6.
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
Sinner will get zero months and a private apology from WADA for their outrageous PR stunt.

The next time WADA officials visit the US they will be arrested by the FBI pursuant to power granted by the Rodchenkov Anti-Doping Act. The WADA scalawags will eventually come clean on the CCP coverup of Chinese swimmers who tested positive for performance enhancement drugs before the 2021 Tokyo Olympics.

All’s well that ends well.
 

JMR

Hall of Fame
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
I tend to agree that a short suspension (one or a few "Swiatek units" :)) is the most likely outcome. I would also say that no suspension at all is more likely than a long suspension (e.g., 18 to 24 months). It's harder to rank a suspension of an intermediate length, since there are so many options.

The impact also will depend on how quickly the CAS acts. The Independent Tribunal in the ITIA phase was incredibly fast: the hearing was held August 15, and the opinion is dated August 19. That kind of turnaround is simply amazing, although I suppose the panel knew the U.S. Open was coming up and the matter needed to be resolved one way or another. But the point is that we don't know whether the CAS will behave similarly.

In any case, I'm not sure that "missing clay season only" would be accurate. Even with the short suspension we are hypothesizing, probably May, June, and July would be gone, so grass season would be gone too. And of course anything longer than three months could mean losing the USO as well.
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
I tend to agree that a short suspension (one or a few "Swiatek units" :)) is the most likely outcome…

There is no basis in this case for the CAS tribunal to substitute its judgment for the Sports Resolution panel. And I can’t think of a tennis case in which CAS did set aside a tennis panel’s decision to impose a harsher penalty (though it’s WADA appealing here not the player). The routine seems to be you get suspended and CAS takes a more lenient view. And Arbitrator Benz is very sensitive to athletes getting hosed. He’ll do the right thing.

#freeCarrot
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
With this news, even if he were to be disqualified, Sinner barring cataclysms (injuries or unexpected early eliminations) will have time to oust Alcaraz in the all-time ranking of players with the most weeks at number 1.

At the moment Alcaraz is fifteenth with 36 while Sinner is sixteenth with 31.

If he were not to be disqualified, at least until the North American summer trip, I don't see how he could be disqualified from that throne.

Obviously they are ends in themselves, it doesn't matter at all to be ahead of your contemporary reference rival in a certain sector, the math is done at the end.

It's just news.
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
I think he will get three hours, so will miss the opening round of Monte Carlo only, for which he in any case has a bye.

Deal.

Though he should get zero, three hours is a reasonable offer just to put this nasty business in the rear view mirror. With three hours he will miss no tennis though WADA has already placed unnecessary stress on him and wasted his time and should be held accountable.
 

JMR

Hall of Fame
There is no basis in this case for the CAS tribunal to substitute its judgment for the Sports Resolution panel.
I think there is a pretty strong argument in favor of this position, but in legal matters there is always an important distinction between applying the principles and predicting the likely results.

Here's the relevant provision of the TADP that indicates the range of punishments available in the scenario being pushed by WADA:

"10.6.1.1 Specified Substances or Specified Methods
Where the Anti-Doping Rule Violation involves a Specified Substance (other than a Substance of Abuse) or Specified Method, and the Player or other Person can establish that they bear No Significant Fault or Negligence for the violation, the period of Ineligibility will be, at a minimum, a reprimand and no period of Ineligibility, and at a maximum, two years of Ineligibility, depending on the Player's or other Person's degree of Fault."

So, anything from a "You naughty boy!" admonition to a full two-year suspension! That's a lot of discretion, so the CAS panel certainly would appear to be able to shape the sanction along the lines expected by Roddick. (By the way, I enjoy the lousy draftsmanship of this provision: "[t]he period of ineligibility will be ... no period of ineligibility ...." Classic.)
 

Rovesciarete

Hall of Fame
As written before, the ITIA decision on the complex case and theWADA appeal have put CAS in a tough spot:

1) In lay terms it is correct to make the athlete fully responsible for his body and what is found there.

2) The recent ability to find two grains in an olympic swimming pool changed the facts on the ground. Much more contaminations, which might force thresholds from 2027.*

The combination of 1 and 2 thus results in many false accusations of doping by the public and unjust rules of 'negligence' by the ITIA. If CAS rules 'no negligence' it will impact future cases where staff is involved. If Sinner gets a longish ban, future athletes could also be punished for 'negligence' despite exercising utmost caution. Until sensible thresholds, that is.


*As admitted by the general director of WADA itself
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
I think there is a pretty strong argument in favor of this position, but in legal matters there is always an important distinction between applying the principles and predicting the likely results.

Here's the relevant provision of the TADP that indicates the range of punishments available in the scenario being pushed by WADA:

"10.6.1.1 Specified Substances or Specified Methods
Where the Anti-Doping Rule Violation involves a Specified Substance (other than a Substance of Abuse) or Specified Method, and the Player or other Person can establish that they bear No Significant Fault or Negligence for the violation, the period of Ineligibility will be, at a minimum, a reprimand and no period of Ineligibility, and at a maximum, two years of Ineligibility, depending on the Player's or other Person's degree of Fault."

So, anything from a "You naughty boy!" admonition to a full two-year suspension! That's a lot of discretion, so the CAS panel certainly would appear to be able to shape the sanction along the lines expected by Roddick. (By the way, I enjoy the lousy draftmanship of this provision: "[t]he period of ineligibility will be ... no period of ineligibility ...." Classic.)
Unfortunately for Carrot, Clostobol is not a Specified Substance. It’s a non-Specified Substance. It’s listed right there in Prohibited List S1.1 as a non-Specified Substance; namely, an anabolic agent. WADA doesn’t consider that anabolic agents would be in your system unless you’re trying to enhance your sports performance. :sneaky: So you do not get the benefit of falling within 10.6.1.1 with its possibility of no suspension.

If it were a Specified Substance - which it isn’t — CAS could have given both sides a win since the provision you cited 10.6.1.1 like 10.5 provides for the option of no suspension even if CAS agreed with WADA that it’s “no significant fault” not “no fault “ as the tennis tribunal found. However, 10.6.1.1 is clearly inapplicable to The Carrot Case. (10.6.1.2 involving contaminated products and which also provides for the possibility of no suspension is also inapplicable.)

If CAS agrees with WADA on degree of fault then it’s 10.6.2 that applies and that provides for the possibility of a reduction of the two-year starting point by up to one-half. Which explains why I believe WADA is requesting between 1 and 2 years suspension. I don’t know where Roddick is getting three months from other than pulling it out of thin air because it sounds like a proportionate period to him based on the circumstances. But CAS has rejected reductions not in the WADA code based on proportionality arguments. CAS has taken the view that the periods set forth in the WADA code are proportionate. For CAS to agree with WADA on the level of fault and not suspend Carrot for a minimum of 1-year will require CAS to look beyond 10.6.2 and perhaps a novel read on the case law. I haven’t reviewed more than a few tennis cases. Has there been a CAS case where 10.6.2 applies where the athlete received less than a 1 year suspension?

Best for CAS to simply reject WADA’s appeal outright and sustain the tennis tribunal’s interpretation that this is a 10.5 no fault situation. In any case, one side or the other is going to lose here. Let’s hope it’s WADA. Because WADA is really trying to stick it to Carrot after letting the Chinese swimmers skate.
 
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JMR

Hall of Fame
Why in God's name does this take so long? This isn't the Supreme Court.
The CAS still has a docket. Cases come up and get assigned a date in order. It's not as though everyone is on vacation until mid-April.

Plus, with an arbitration-based tribunal, individual arbitrators need to be selected, and their schedules need to be cleared and coordinated. That also takes time.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
Some curiosities/ideas;

Sinner just today at the conference, when asked specifically whether he was aware of the possible timing of the trial date, replied that he knew as much as you (meaning journalists), that is, nothing.

Is it a coincidence that the date came out right on the eve of the Australian Open?

I think that for his psyche and especially for his own planning, it is positive for him to finally be aware of the exact moment in which he will know his fate regarding the case of the positives.

Now it also explains the reason why he is registered for the 500 in Doha.

I will close by saying that today at the conference he answered with disconcerting composure to the various questions on the matter.
Like when he was asked if after what happened to him he has become more paranoid in checking what medicines he takes or what to eat.
He replied that nothing has changed because he paid meticulous attention to these things even before.
Ergo, we can control everything up to a certain point.
If my trainer carries an over-the-counter medication that he then passes to my physical therapist to treat a finger injury, it is not my responsibility to cross the line into the most extreme obsession.
They are adult, vaccinated professionals.
That is, in a nutshell, what he meant.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
During the days of the hearing of the Court of Arbitration for Sport regarding the Clostebol case, Jannik Sinner, calendar in hand, will be busy in the ATP 500 in Munich, where the world number one will participate for the first time in his career. The arbitration procedure between the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) and Sinner will take place behind closed doors on April 16 and 17 at the headquarters of the Tas in Lausanne, Switzerland, while the German tournament is scheduled between April 12 and 20. Therefore, precisely on the days of the hearings where the immediate future of the Italian will be decided, who risks a disqualification of one to two years. Immediately after, Sinner should fly to Madrid, for the 1000 scheduled from April 21 to May 4.

TIMING —

When will the sentence arrive? According to the procedure, the player can ask to have it immediately, two-three days after the hearing, so that he can "free himself" from the burden and continue playing calmly (in case of acquittal), waiting in that case only for the reasons, which usually arrive within a month. Sinner could also not ask for anything, continue "calmly" to play waiting for the natural technical times of the sentence, which in any case will not be very long. Of course, for Sinner it will not be the best to play in Munich with the CAS hearing right in the middle of the tournament, just as it certainly would not be to do it in Madrid. After the Spanish tournament, among other things, there is the Rome International, from 6 to 19 May. At that point the decision should have already arrived. The Forum awaits its champion ready to celebrate, in the hope that everything goes in the right direction.
 
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
Roddick sounds emotionally unstable, same as when he was a player...
So, will never take him seriously :rolleyes:

With this news, even if he were to be disqualified, Sinner barring cataclysms (injuries or unexpected early eliminations) will have time to oust Alcaraz in the all-time ranking of players with the most weeks at number 1.

At the moment Alcaraz is fifteenth with 36 while Sinner is sixteenth with 31.

If he were not to be disqualified, at least until the North American summer trip, I don't see how he could be disqualified from that throne.

Obviously they are ends in themselves, it doesn't matter at all to be ahead of your contemporary reference rival in a certain sector, the math is done at the end.

It's just news.
Zverev and Sinner can have the #1 ranking for the next 5 years (y) while Alcaraz breaks every slam record for each age!
Greatest 21-year-old ever,
Greatest 22-year-old ever,
Greatest 23-year-old ever,
Greatest 24-year-old ever,
Greatest 25-year-old over,
Greatest 26-year-old ever.
 
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Bartelby

Bionic Poster
Sinner is not American.

Sinner will get zero months and a private apology from WADA for their outrageous PR stunt.

The next time WADA officials visit the US they will be arrested by the FBI pursuant to power granted by the Rodchenkov Anti-Doping Act. The WADA scalawags will eventually come clean on the CCP coverup of Chinese swimmers who tested positive for performance enhancement drugs before the 2021 Tokyo Olympics.

All’s well that ends well.
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
[
Zverev and Sinner can have the #1 ranking for the next 5 years (y) while Alcaraz breaks every slam record for each age!
Greatest 21-year-old ever,
Greatest 22-year-old ever,
Greatest 23-year-old ever,
Greatest 24-year-old ever,
Greatest 25-year-old over,
Greatest 26-year-old ever.

Good you didn’t say best 27 or 28 year old because at the end of this year that will be Goldie Chainz.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
Roddick sounds emotionally unstable, same as when he was a player...
So, will never take him seriously :rolleyes:


Zverev and Sinner can have the #1 ranking for the next 5 years (y) while Alcaraz breaks every slam record for each age!
Greatest 21-year-old ever,
Greatest 22-year-old ever,
Greatest 23-year-old ever,
Greatest 24-year-old ever,
Greatest 25-year-old over,
Greatest 26-year-old ever.
Imagine if by the end of 2025 Sinner will have overtaken Alcaraz also in terms of slam wins.

jannik-sinner-i-see-you.gif
 

Bartelby

Bionic Poster
You can't argue that Sinner should get off just because in your opinion others were. This view mars what is otherwise a good analysis.

Unfortunately for Carrot, Clostobol is not a Specified Substance. It’s a non-Specified Substance. It’s listed right there in Prohibited List S1.1 as a non-Specified Substance; namely, an anabolic agent. WADA doesn’t consider that anabolic agents would be in your system unless you’re trying to enhance your performance. :sneaky: So you do not get the benefit of falling within 10.6.1.1 with its possibility of no suspension.

If it were a Specified Substance - which it isn’t — CAS could have given both sides a win since the provision you cited 10.6.1.1 like 10.5 provides for the option of no suspension even if CAS agreed with WADA that it’s “no significant fault” not “no fault “ as the tennis tribunal found. However, 10.6.1.1 is clearly inapplicable to The Carrot Case.

If CAS agrees with WADA on degree of fault then it’s 10.6.2 that applies and that provides for a reduction of the two-year starting point by up to one-half. Which explains why I believe WADA is requesting between 1 and 2 years suspension. I don’t know where Roddick is getting three months from other than pulling it out of thin air because it sounds like a proportionate period to him based on the circumstances. But CAS has rejected reductions not in the WADA code based on proportionality arguments. CAS has taken the view that the periods set forth in the WADA code are proportionate.

Best for CAS to simply reject WADA’s appeal outright and sustain the tennis tribunal’s interpretation that this is a 10.5 no fault situation. In any case, one side or the other is going to lose here. Let’s hope it’s WADA. Because WADA is really trying to eff Carrot after letting the Chinese swimmers skate.
 

Winner Sinner

Hall of Fame
Too bad he's only a hardcourter :cry:
Yes, just as Nadal was only a clay court player before he won the 2008 Wimbledon final, and just as Djokovic was not suited to playing on grass (zero titles before 2011) before he won Wimbledon in 2011 (and then won another 6).

Don't count on the fact that Sinner will be destined to be "only" a hard court specialist.
Last year, despite the hip problem that had conditioned his approach, he kept your Carlitos busy until the fifth set.
Today in the post-match exhibition interview on the court, Tsitsipas admitted that in the Monte Carlo semifinal, Sinner would have deserved to win.

However, I think that due to different physical structure, as well as a greater variety of play, on clay Alcaraz will always be destined to have something more than Sinner, even if nothing comparable to the discrepancy that existed between Nadal and Fedkovic.
On grass, however, I have no doubt that Sinner will be very successful.
 

vokazu

Legend
Andy Roddick says he will get 3 months. That is most probable case scenario. So would be missing clay season only.
Former employee of Men's Tennis Integrity Unit and former boss of Australian Anti Doping Watchdog said that Sinner would get 1 to 2 years suspension:

Richard Ings, former worker at Men's Tennis Integrity Unit and former boss of Australian Anti Doping Watchdog, believes that if WADA's appeal is successful, Sinner would get 1 to 2 years suspension:

"If WADA is successful, then a ban of 1 to 2 years could be imposed by the panel. These are the rules. This is the thing to remember that the rules of tennis, in the anti doping rules of tennis, as with other international Sports, simply follow the World Anti Doping Agency code."


8:48 documentary video about Tennis and Doping Problem:

 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
Cilic got 4 months for some over the counter tablets. I think Sinner will either get acquitted or 3 months tops

Cilic’s was a contaminated products case (sec. 10.6.1.2; sec. numbers may have changed if you look at older versions of the TADP) which as I mentioned above provides for the possibility of a reduction from 2 years all the way down to no suspension.

Sinner is either a 10.5 case and no suspension (ITIA view) or a 10.6.2 case and 1 to 2 years (WADA view).

Find a 10.6.2 case that gave less than 1 year. Sinner will get no suspension because CAS rejects WADA’s argument that this is a 10.6.2 case else he is in trouble.

Not incidentally, Jeffrey Benz was an arbitrator on the Cilic case too (and Halep. And Russian skater girl not provisionally banned prior to Olympic games due to her age but later banned for 4 years). If you’re a pro-athlete, Benz is your man! And now he‘s on the Sinner tribunal. :love:
 
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jmnk

Hall of Fame
Unfortunately for Carrot, Clostobol is not a Specified Substance. It’s a non-Specified Substance. It’s listed right there in Prohibited List S1.1 as a non-Specified Substance; namely, an anabolic agent. WADA doesn’t consider that anabolic agents would be in your system unless you’re trying to enhance your sports performance. :sneaky: So you do not get the benefit of falling within 10.6.1.1 with its possibility of no suspension.

If it were a Specified Substance - which it isn’t — CAS could have given both sides a win since the provision you cited 10.6.1.1 like 10.5 provides for the option of no suspension even if CAS agreed with WADA that it’s “no significant fault” not “no fault “ as the tennis tribunal found. However, 10.6.1.1 is clearly inapplicable to The Carrot Case. (10.6.1.2 involving contaminated products and which also provides for the possibility of no suspension is also inapplicable.)

If CAS agrees with WADA on degree of fault then it’s 10.6.2 that applies and that provides for the possibility of a reduction of the two-year starting point by up to one-half. Which explains why I believe WADA is requesting between 1 and 2 years suspension. I don’t know where Roddick is getting three months from other than pulling it out of thin air because it sounds like a proportionate period to him based on the circumstances. But CAS has rejected reductions not in the WADA code based on proportionality arguments. CAS has taken the view that the periods set forth in the WADA code are proportionate. For CAS to agree with WADA on the level of fault and not suspend Carrot for a minimum of 1-year will require CAS to look beyond 10.6.2 and perhaps a novel read on the case law. I haven’t reviewed more than a few tennis cases. Has there been a CAS case where 10.6.2 applies where the athlete received less than a 1 year suspension?

Best for CAS to simply reject WADA’s appeal outright and sustain the tennis tribunal’s interpretation that this is a 10.5 no fault situation. In any case, one side or the other is going to lose here. Let’s hope it’s WADA. Because WADA is really trying to stick it to Carrot after letting the Chinese swimmers skate.
Excellent summary!
The only thing to add is that perhaps there's some wiggle room given via 10.7 section where some provisions allow for sanctions to be reduced or suspended. It's a bit difficult to figure out for non-lawyer if there's anything in 10.7 that could help Sinner's case.
 

jmnk

Hall of Fame
There is no basis in this case for the CAS tribunal to substitute its judgment for the Sports Resolution panel. And I can’t think of a tennis case in which CAS did set aside a tennis panel’s decision to impose a harsher penalty (though it’s WADA appealing here not the player). The routine seems to be you get suspended and CAS takes a more lenient view. And Arbitrator Benz is very sensitive to athletes getting hosed. He’ll do the right thing.

#freeCarrot
I think CAS _increased_ Errani's original suspension. Original panel's verdict was appealed by _both_ Errani and Nado (Italian Anti-Doping Agency, so WADA did not technically appealed since Nado did); Errani wanted less, Nado wanted more - and CAS sided with Nado.
 

vokazu

Legend
Cilic got 4 months for some over the counter tablets. I think Sinner will either get acquitted or 3 months tops
The thing is, both Cilic and Iga's case have the contamination factor. That's why they get less time of suspension.

Sinner's drug has no contamination factor. The Trofodermin product is not contaminated and clearly shows on the package that it contains doping substance, with the word DOPING written on the box. Because it's not a contamination issue, Sinner's suspension time will be longer.



“The complication with the Sinner case is the positive test was not a result of a contaminated product. That is the difference between Swiatek and Halep. There is no contamination here.

“The product that the masseuse used on his finger was not contaminated. That is exactly what it said the product contained on the packaging.

“And so because it is not a contaminated product, the range for a sanction is one year to two years.”
 
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RSJfan

Hall of Fame
Excellent summary!
The only thing to add is that perhaps there's some wiggle room given via 10.7 section where some provisions allow for sanctions to be reduced or suspended. It's a bit difficult to figure out for non-lawyer if there's anything in 10.7 that could help Sinner's case.
Sinner didn’t break Omerta because he’s a good kid. And he didn’t have to. His story was investigated with his cooperation and he received no suspension.

giphy.gif
 

RSJfan

Hall of Fame
I think CAS _increased_ Errani's original suspension. Original panel's verdict was appealed by _both_ Errani and Nado (Italian Anti-Doping Agency, so WADA did not technically appealed since Nado did); Errani wanted less, Nado wanted more - and CAS sided with Nado.
Interesting. I don‘t know anything about her case. 8-B

I looked into Carrot’s case because Carrot is Dr Raul’s fav (currently; he’ll dump him as fast as he dumped Emma if Carrot’s tennis results suffer). And I get a sense WADA is using tennis as a sacrificial lamb to resurrect it‘s battered reputation. As Raul pointed out weeks ago, since when does WADA appeal ITIA cases. While the CAS panel can and should evaluate the case on its own Raul’s point makes you look at the larger picture of what is going on with this WADA appeal.
 
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