Which is the most difficult technique to learn in tennis?

Servivor

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Groundstrokes (forehand/backhand)?
Footwork?
Serves?
Volley?
Slice, lob and smash?

I feel the serve component is hardest to execute with proper technique. You often see club level players serving inefficiently or the wrong way.

Footwork comes a close second because it has to do with anticipation, fitness and muscle intelligence which not many non athletes possess.

The rest are fairly easier to pickup but difficult to master in the long run.
 
Footwork. Serve you don't even have to move - get some coaching - and everyone could serve. But with footwork - if you aren't light on your feet - if you aren't quick you will never have good footwork. Its like a slam dunk in basketball. Can't really learn to jump high - if you are very earth bound..
 
My experience says overheads. It's about 90% of a service motion -- another stroke that's already in the running -- coupled with very unconventional and (for most folks) uncomfortable movement patterns, and with much harder timing. Plus, it's a lot harder to go out and practice on your own. Hell, it's a lot harder to go out and practice with a hitting partner, too. Nobody wants to be on the wrong end of, "Hey Bob, I need you to hit me a few hundred sh*tty lobs so I can practice putting them down your throat."

Overhead is almost always the last real stroke to reach competency-level. Right up to the ATP. I'm not sure I've ever seen a good one below open level.

Anything harder (backhand overheads, baseline droppers, etc.) is a niche shot, and you can comfortably go your whole life without hitting one and still reach your ceiling.
 
My experience says overheads. It's about 90% of a service motion -- another stroke that's already in the running -- coupled with very unconventional and (for most folks) uncomfortable movement patterns, and with much harder timing. Plus, it's a lot harder to go out and practice on your own. Hell, it's a lot harder to go out and practice with a hitting partner, too. Nobody wants to be on the wrong end of, "Hey Bob, I need you to hit me a few hundred sh*tty lobs so I can practice putting them down your throat."

Overhead is almost always the last real stroke to reach competency-level. Right up to the ATP. I'm not sure I've ever seen a good one below open level.

Anything harder (backhand overheads, baseline droppers, etc.) is a niche shot, and you can comfortably go your whole life without hitting one and still reach your ceiling.

In my view, smashing a floater out of the air from close to the net with most of the opponent's court accessible for a winner is possibly the easiest shot in tennis, and a dream situation that most players work to achieve. The problem for most players is that they spend almost no time practicing their smash. Imagine how good your smash would be if you spent 1/4 as much time practicing that as you do your forehand.
 
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Footwork. Serve you don't even have to move - get some coaching - and everyone could serve. But with footwork - if you aren't light on your feet - if you aren't quick you will never have good footwork. Its like a slam dunk in basketball. Can't really learn to jump high - if you are very earth bound..

I think footwork is under-rated and critically important.

The bright side is that one can work on footwork incrementally and see concrete improvement. All I'm ever going to see trying to dunk is epic failure.

And I believe that, regardless of how quick one is, one can still vastly improve one's footwork and therefore, vastly improve one's game.
 
Nobody wants to be on the wrong end of, "Hey Bob, I need you to hit me a few hundred sh*tty lobs so I can practice putting them down your throat."

I must be nobody then because I practice just this. It's ideal: I get defensive lob practice and my doubles partner gets OH practice. Then we switch roles.

Incremental improvement is often about doing little things just a bit better rather than significantly improving one thing.
 
Is that a technique or the ability to adapt rapidly? Some people are just more adaptable than others. Some are also mentally tougher to be able to handle adverse conditions.
IDK. I think you have to focus even more at looking at the ball into the strings which is part of technique.
 
IDK. I think you have to focus even more at looking at the ball into the strings which is part of technique.

I used to hate wind because it threw my game off and it seemed to me that it didn't bother my opponents much.

Now I'm the opposite: it still throws my game off but I feel like I adapt better and more quickly than my opponents.
 
I must be nobody then because I practice just this. It's ideal: I get defensive lob practice and my doubles partner gets OH practice. Then we switch roles.

Incremental improvement is often about doing little things just a bit better rather than significantly improving one thing.
As your user name will attest, you are most certainly a statistical anomaly among the tennis population.
 
It all depends on the person.
For me serving was natural and I picked up flat, slice and American Twist serves pretty quickly. I pitched when I was young so that most likely helped.
Volleying was pretty easy to pick up also.

For me, the toughest are:
1. Patience on groundstrokes and volleys
2. Hitting easy overheads without killing the senior opponents at the net and still winning the point
 
For me it's volleys but it seems that most people I see playing, it's proper serve technique. Even guys up to 4.5 level hitting patty cake second serves, and it seems the MAJORITY of guys 4.0 and under hitting wacky first serves..tosses behind the head, way out to the side, frying pan grips, crazy footwork..everybody foot faults..I mean, everybody....

To me, it's always been one of the easiest parts of the game.

Now, hit a ball right at me when I"m 10 feet from the net...you'll see how clueless I am on that technique.
 
The toughest shot to master has to be a serve. It is probably the most complicated motion you execute on a tennis court and there is not a lot of margin for error. You can point out the intentions of servers, but even very good athletes have trouble hitting a solid serve with a very high success rate. As for groundstrokes, they can easily hit dozens in a row without trouble.

Volleys are simple, but require a very precise gesture and a certain vision of the court to be executed with success, so they do come high on that list.
 
I see the serve/overhead angle in this argument. It is the most difficult of the skill shots - takes the most skill.

But with the serve there are lots of good tutorials on it - people know how to teach it - and you can practice (completely) by yourself. Pretty much anyone who want to learn to serve well could - though some might want to shell out for coach especially if they didn't play any throwing sports as a kid.

OTOH not sure you can learn to move like Fed - I don't care how much practice you put into it. Quick feet is something that guys seem to have or not.. So its very tough to 'learn'. I have seen plenty of guys develop their serve. But personally have never seen a guy without wheels get them..
 
Tweener by far the hardest shot to master.
2nd is a backhand overhead smash.
Then its serves and overheads in general.
 
I see the serve/overhead angle in this argument. It is the most difficult of the skill shots - takes the most skill.

But with the serve there are lots of good tutorials on it - people know how to teach it - and you can practice (completely) by yourself. Pretty much anyone who want to learn to serve well could - though some might want to shell out for coach especially if they didn't play any throwing sports as a kid.

OTOH not sure you can learn to move like Fed - I don't care how much practice you put into it. Quick feet is something that guys seem to have or not.. So its very tough to 'learn'. I have seen plenty of guys develop their serve. But personally have never seen a guy without wheels get them..
Big part of the problem with serve teaching, IMHO as someone whose serve is ahead of the rest of my game, is that it's taught in a modular way..okay part one, toss the ball, now part 2 trophy pose, now part 3 racquet drop.

people are thinking about every step, of course it seems difficult because you are making it difficult.

It should be about the swing and then the legs, and that's it.

The drill of serving from the knees, that's where you can learn the swing. or sitting in a chair. Throw the ball up and learn to hit it with a continental grip. You aren't going to learn jack if you can't do that first.

After you have pronation and continental grip down, then you stand up and serve and start using your legs.
 
Serve.
Or at least a proper good serve.
It's so difficult that you even get two tries to hit it into the court.
It is the most complex motion in sports. That's why so many people simplify it to a waiter's tray serve.
Even many women pros have issues with the serve.
 
Actually I agree with Sinjin, for me personally the overhead is a major issue. My serve is very good, but my smash is atrocious. framing it, late on it etc. Especially when I need to backtrack for it. I play with pretty heavy rackets and I often feel sluggish getting them up into position for my smashes. Maybe the secret is to not try to hit the cover off it, but just focus on clean contact, let the racket do the work.
 
Actually I agree with Sinjin, for me personally the overhead is a major issue. My serve is very good, but my smash is atrocious. framing it, late on it etc. Especially when I need to backtrack for it. I play with pretty heavy rackets and I often feel sluggish getting them up into position for my smashes. Maybe the secret is to not try to hit the cover off it, but just focus on clean contact, let the racket do the work.

Another key might be to not think of every OH as a putaway [especially if you're not in good position or balance] but a setup shot instead. Too often I see people in the 3.5-4.5 range miss OHs because they're trying to knock the cover off of the ball when placement would have served them better.
 
Groundstrokes (forehand/backhand)?
Footwork?
Serves?
Volley?
Slice, lob and smash?

I feel the serve component is hardest to execute with proper technique. You often see club level players serving inefficiently or the wrong way.

Footwork comes a close second because it has to do with anticipation, fitness and muscle intelligence which not many non athletes possess.

The rest are fairly easier to pickup but difficult to master in the long run.

By far , the serve
 
technically i think serve is the toughest stroke to do initially. I think it took me 2 months before i could serve properly lol, but i could dink back forehands and backhands. mastery takes a lifetime

what does footwork refer to? i'd lump that in with the stroke - the forehand/ backhand/ volley all require some footwork in their actual mechanics i believe. plant, load/hit, recover.
 
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Geez, is it possible a different skill is hardest to learn for different player's?
Maybe we're not all exactly the same?
 
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My serve was great after my 2nd year of tennis, and I was recruited to be lefty serve dummy for several 5.5+ women and one 5.5+ top 10 NorCal A man.
However, if you hit your ROS to my backhand half volley, you'd get a nice easy passing shot against me, not matter how I returned your shot. Except when I mishit it, of course.
 
Serve. You even see messed up service motions in the WTA and lots in the juniors.

A lot about footwork in innate like balance and can't be taught imo.
 
Groundstrokes (forehand/backhand)?
Footwork?
Serves?
Volley?
Slice, lob and smash?

I feel the serve component is hardest to execute with proper technique. You often see club level players serving inefficiently or the wrong way.

Footwork comes a close second because it has to do with anticipation, fitness and muscle intelligence which not many non athletes possess.

The rest are fairly easier to pickup but difficult to master in the long run.
Hitting an overpowering serve.
 
Lobs. Any lobs. We just don't get along. I tend to put them too short and then of course get destroyed. Work in progress.
 
I would definitely say footwork, mostly because mine is pretty trash and it seems more based on innate natural talent. I've never personally been taught foot work patterns.
 
Slice them really high, and aim for mid NML depths.

You sound like my regular coach ... easier said than done for me.

I am finding my best luck with YOLO Ball of Glory Lobs. Exceptionally high ... even if it is short so many people have bad overheads that they can work for me more often than not ... if I keep them on the court ... :D
 
My opinion -

1) Understanding. A stroke technique that you or your instructor do not know enough about is extremely unlikely to be learned.

really good coach but all his knowledge is from the 80s. I tried to explain how no one hits flat and how the game is different. Different racquets and strings, etc. Even offered to get some TT pros to hit with him to let him see how the game is different. But you know coaches. No way some 4.0 could possibly know anything about the game...

Anyhow he got a job coaching a girls highschool team. He texted me after the 1st practice:

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2) "Muscle Memory". If you know a good bit about a new technique but the new technique's motion begins somewhat like your old ingrained stroke - muscle use vs time - it might be hard to change.

F. Alexander has some interesting comments about this subject.

Important parts of strokes can be learned very quickly after attempting, first try or even unexpectedly. Other parts especially that occur afterward in a stroke are much more difficult to change.

Frederick Alexander, of the Alexander Technique, said that when we try to learn a new athletic technique he thought that this is what is going on -

My interpretation of Alexander's discussion - Say that you are trying to perform a new complex motion, a new stroke technique. When the motion involves both old and new subconscious instructions to your body, that is, nerve signals to many muscles, learning the new motion becomes difficult. When actually attempting to perform the new stroke, the subconscious mind is uncertain at certain instants about the new nerve signals for the new motions. Some of the old unwanted nerve signals are likely to be used at these instants, spoiling the new motion after that instant. I recommend Alexander's book to those interested in some concepts that may apply to learning new strokes. ?

For the OP's friend, she may have learned the proper techniques as "a young girl" with its nerve signals, similar to riding a bike. The nerve signals are still functioning for her tennis strokes.

Moon walking would be an example of something that is very difficult to change. Not to mention, I can't even understand it....

Amateurs use more upper arm swing at the shoulder joint for tennis strokes and not much body turn. (Look over several courts of tennis players to see this.) Nerve signals for an upper arm swing from the shoulder using deltoid and pec are very different than nerve signals to turn the upper body using leg and trunk muscles. The body turn is new and maybe the old shoulder motion nerve signals aren't easily substituted by errors of the subconscious. Going from swinging from the shoulder to a stroke based on body turning can be very quick for that important part of the motion. After studying Djokovic, I was able to do a body turn forehand first try.
 
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Footwork. Serve you don't even have to move - get some coaching - and everyone could serve. But with footwork - if you aren't light on your feet - if you aren't quick you will never have good footwork. Its like a slam dunk in basketball. Can't really learn to jump high - if you are very earth bound..
Was a hoops coach and an AAU coach, you can get kids to increase vertical up to 12 to 15 inches in a summer. It all about work. Movement is overlooked and or overtaught both are true. When teaching beginners you should go from static to variable to random in some drills as soon as you can. The biggest flaw in teaching is to teach hand movement first. The first thing you must do is get to the ball, than work on stroke, not the reverse. Teach correctly
 
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